an analytical review of well-researched and documented information on the evolution of technological innovations in ancient Sri Lanka. It is in two parts. Part I comprising 7 chapters, begins with an introduction which sets the backdrop to the implantation of an alien scientific culture in the Asian region. Chapter 2 to 7 traces initially the physiography of Sri Lanka from a geological evolutionary stand point, and then reviews the development of technological events through the classical 'Periods of History' to medieval, and to the late colonial era. Part II constitutes guest presentations by two scholars on the subjects of traditional fishery, and the evolutionary process of shipbuilding in Sri Lanka. Since the study strives to collate and piece together valuable scientific contributions found scattered in various depositories of Sri Lanka, it is expected that this publication will serve as a reference standard to young scholars and researchers who may be tempted to initiate new research, for which the background has been laid herein.